:6.$=Ï:.,'27<&= &(%(=3,(&=( 67:$
3U]\PRQWD XXU] G]HQLDQDOH \SU]H
VWU]HJDü ZV]\VWNLFK RERZL ]XM F\FK
SU]HSLVyZ EH]SLHF]H VWZD RUD] ]DOH
FH ZáDG] ORNDOQ\FK GRW\F] F\FK VSR
VREXZ\SURZDG]HQLDSRZLHWU]D
=D V]NRG\ SRZVWDáH ZVNXWHN QLHSU]H
VWU]HJDQLD SU]HSLVyZ EH]SLHF]H VWZD
RUD]QLHSUDZLGáRZ\PRQWD XU] G]HQLD
SURGXFHQW QLH SRQRVL DGQHM RGSRZLH
G]LDOQR FL
%H]SLHF]H VWZRXU] G]H
HOHNWU\F]Q\FK
3U]HG LQVWDODFM SRFKáDQLDF]D QDOH \
VSUDZG]Lü F]\ QLH ]RVWDá RQ XV]NR
G]RQ\ SRGF]DV WUDQVSRUWX -H HOL SR
MDZLá\ VL MDNLH XVWHUNL QDOH \ VNRQ
WDNWRZDüVL ]HVSU]HGDZF 1LHZROQR
SRGá F]Dü GR ]DVLODQLD XV]NRG]RQHJR
XU] G]HQLD
1LHZá F]DüXU] G]HQLDMH HOLSU]HZyG
]DVLODM F\ OXE SDQHO VWHUXM F\ V
XV]NRG]RQH
3RFKáDQLDF] PXVL E\ü ]DLQVWDORZDQ\ L
SRGá F]RQ\ ]JRGQLH ] RERZL ]XM F\PL
SU]HSLVDPL RUD] ZVND]yZNDPL ]DZDU
W\PLZQLQLHMV]HMLQVWUXNFMLREVáXJL
3U]HG SRGá F]HQLHP SRFKáDQLDF]D QD
OH \ VSUDZG]Lü F]\ QDSL FLH VLHFLRZH
RGSRZLDGD ZDUWR FLRP SRGDQ\P QD
WDEOLF]FH ]QDPLRQRZHM ]QDMGXM FHM VL
ZHZQ WU]XU] G]HQLD
1DSUDZ\ PRJ E\ü GRNRQ\ZDQH Z\
á F]QLH SU]H] SHUVRQHO DXWRU\]RZD
Q\FK ]DNáDGyZ VHUZLVRZ\FK 'R QD
SUDZ X \ZD VL RU\JLQDOQ\FK F] FL
]DPLHQQ\FK
=H Z]JO GyZ EH]SLHF]H VWZD QLH QD
OH \ GRNRQ\ZDü VDPRG]LHOQLH QDSUDZ
LOXEPRG\ILNDFMLXU] G]HQLD
:SU]\SDGNXZ\VW SLHQLDXVWHUNLQDOH
\Z\á F]\üSRFKáDQLDF]LRGá F]\üJR
RG]DVLODQLDHOHNWU\F]QHJR
1LH Z\MPRZDü ZW\F]NL SU]HZRGX ]DVL
ODM FHJRFL JQ F]DSU]HZyG
8U] G]HQLHQDOH \ ]DPRQWRZDüZ WDNL
VSRVyE DE\ ZW\F]ND E\áD GRVW SQD
3U]\ EH]SR UHGQLP SRGá F]HQLX SR
FKáDQLDF]D GR LQVWDODFML HOHNWU\F]QHM
QDOH \ ]DPRQWRZDü GZXELHJXQRZ\
Z\á F]QLN ] UR]ZDUFLHP VW\NyZ SRZ\
HMPPGODND GHJRELHJXQD
1LH QDOH \ SR]RVWDZLDü EH] QDG]RUX
IU\WNRZQLFZ NWyU\FK SU]\JRWRZXMHVL
SRWUDZ\ EH]SR UHGQLR SRG Z\FL JLHP
SRQLHZD UR]JU]DQ\ROHM PR H VSRZR
GRZDü]DSDOHQLHVL SRFKáDQLDF]D
-H OL Z SRPLHV]F]HQLX RSUyF] SRFKáD
QLDF]D SUDFXM LQQH XU] G]HQLD R ]D
VLODQLXLQQ\PQL HOHNWU\F]QHQSSLHFH
JD]RZH Z JORZH ROHMRZH QDOH \
]DSHZQLü SUDZLGáRZ ZHQW\ODFM RUD]
Z\VWDUF]DM F\ GRSá\Z SRZLHWU]D JG\
SRGF]DV SRFKáDQLDQLD SRZLHWU]D SU]H]
Z\FL J ]RVWDMH ]X \ZDQH SRZLHWU]H]
SRPLHV]F]HQLD 3RZLHWU]H MHVW QLH
]E GQH GR VSDODQLD L SRGWU]\PDQLD
SáRPLHQLDQS Z JD]RZ\PSRGJU]HZD
F]X ZRG\ QD NXFKQL JD]RZHM %H]
SLHF]QD SUDFD XU] G]HQLD MHVW ]DJZD
UDQWRZDQD ZWHG\ MH OL Z SRPLHV]F]H
QLX Z NWyU\P SUDFXM MHGQRF]H QLH
XU] G]HQLD ] RWZDUW\P SáRPLHQLHP L
SRFKáDQLDF] SRGFL QLHQLH SRZLHWU]D
Z\QRVLQDMZ\ HMPEDUJG\ ZWHQ
VSRVyE]DSRELHJDVL SRZURWRZLVSDOLQ
]SU]HZRGXNRPLQRZHJR=DSHZQLHQLH
SUDZLGáRZHJR FL QLHQLD MHVW PR OLZH
MH OL QS SU]H] RWZDUWH GU]ZL RNQD
E G NUDWNL ZHQW\ODF\MQH PR H SU]H
Sá\ZDüVZRERGQLHSRZLHWU]H